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1. Glossary

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This glossary is split into five sections: Symbology, General, Chemistry, Optics, Electronics.

In addition, the Optics section provides subsections on NLOs and Melles Griot optics codes.

Please use your browser to search for an item, or else scroll down through the sections. 

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1a Symbology

 

Greek alphabet and other symbols used on this website:

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α alpha   - radiation; flash lamp critical damping factor

β beta    - radiation; electrical current gain (hFE)

δ delta   - (lower case) math: change/difference

∆ delta   - (upper case) math: change/difference

ε epsilon - math: number approaching zero (ε→0)

ζ zeta    - math

η eta     - math

γ gamma   - radiation

θ theta   - angle (non-linear optic) (also Θ)

λ lambda  - wavelength in nanometres

µ mu      - micro; one millionth

ξ xi      - math

Ξ ksi     - approximately equal to

π pi      - math: constant (also ∏)

ρ ro      - density; resistivity

Σ sigma   - math: summation (also ς)

τ tau     - math: arbitrary

φ phi     - phase (non-linear optic) (also written with lh top arm open: Wix fonts incompatible)

ψ psi     - math

ω omega   - (lower case) math

Ω omega   - (upper case) ohms

Ø         - diameter

â•‘         - parallel to

//        - in parallel with

±         - plus or minus

<         - less than
<<        - significantly less than

​≤         - less than or equal to

>         - greater than

>>        - significantly greater than

≥         - greater than or equal to

√         - square root (also SQRT)

∫         - math: integral

∂         - math: derivative

$         - currency: US dollar unless stated otherwise

£         - currency: British pound sterling

€         - currency: Euro
∞         - infinity
∝         - proportional to

~         - approximately equal to
→         - approaching (a value)

^         - math: power (e.g. 10^4 = 10 raised to the power 4 = 10,000)
         - therefore / thus
°         - degree

'         - arcminute; feet

"         - arcsecond; inches; the word 'ditto'

1b General
 

Abbrev.   - Abbreviation

A/C       - Air Conditioning

AG        - AktienGesellschaft - German company; Aktien (shares), Gesellschaft (corporation)

ACGIH     - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

AFAIK     - As Far As I Know

aka       - also known as
alt.      - alternatively  

ANSI      - American National Standards Institute

App.      - Application (typically a user-interactive software program found on a Pc or mobile)

AQM       - Air Quality Monitor

AV        - Aloe Vera

asap      - as soon as possible

assy      - assembly (typically a mechanical structure)

atm       - atmosphere (scientific unit of pressure)

AU        - Arbitrary Unit (often the vertical scale in atomic plasma intensity curves)

avg       - average
AWG       - American Wire Gauge

BA        - British Airways

BBC       - British Broadcasting Corporation

BIN       - Buy It Now (e.g. eBay auction)

BIOS      - Basic I/O System (the lowest level of operating system software)

BMR       - Body Metabolic Rate

BOM       - Bill Of Materials (a list of parts, typically for electronic equipment)

BP        - Boiling Point

Brexit    - British exit from the European Union

B.Sc      - Bachelor of Science (UK degree qualification)

BSF       - British Standard Fine screw thread

BST       - British Summer Time (last Sunday of March to last Sunday of October) see also DST

BSW       - British Standard Whitworth screw thread

BTU       - British Thermal Unit (heat to raise the temperature of one pound of water by 1°F)

CAS No.   - aka CASRN (number assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) to every chemical substance)

CC        - Credit Card

CERN      - Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire (European Organisation for Nuclear Research)

CFM       - Cubic Feet per Minute (e.g. air flow rate)

ch/chan   - channel (abbreviation)

char      - character (abbreviation)

CORD      - Center For Occupational Research and Development (CORD) in Waco, Texas, USA

combo     - combination

cSt       - CentiStoke (kinematic viscosity measurement unit. 1 centistoke = 1 cSt = 1 mm²/s)

CW        - ClockWise (also see Optics: CW Continuous Wave)

CCW       - Counter ClockWise

DHA       - Docosahexaenoic acid (contributes to the maintenance of normal vision and brain function)

dimer     - a molecule or molecular complex consisting of two identical molecules linked together

divs      - divisions

DIY       - Do It Yourself (homebuilt)

DLL       - Dynamic Link Library file

DNA       - DeoxyriboNucleic Acid https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Deoxyribonucleic-Acid

DOD       - Department Of Defense (USA)

DOM       - Date Of Manufacture

DST       - Daylight Saving Time, USA (second Sunday in March to first Sunday in November) see also BST

EBay      - Echo Bay (California, USA) auction site

ECU       - Engine Control Unit

EFDA      - European Fusion Development Agreement

EDX       - Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

EN        - EN 'European Norm', European Standard specification

EPA       - Eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA and EPA together contribute to the normal function of the heart)

EPR       - Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

Est.      - Estimated

EU        - European Union
FAT       - File Access Table (PC file handler)

FEC       - Farnell Electronic Components Ltd

FOCI      - Fisheries Oceanography Coordinated Investigations

FP        - Front Panel

fps       - frames per second (e.g. high speed camera, or video) 

GID       - Glow In Dark

GIF       - Graphics Interchange Format (animated image, MS Windows 3-char filename extension)

gph       - gallons per hour

GP        - General Purpose

GPS       - Global Positioning System

GUI       - Graphical User Interface (e.g. coded from Visual C programming language)

hadron    - Any particle made from quarks, anti-quarks and gluons

HLP       - Windows 3-char filename extension for MS standardised help file

hp        - horsepower (1hp = 550 foot-pound/second ~746W imperial, ~735.5W metric)

HPI       - Hire Purchase Information (vehicle history check)

HPLC      - High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

hr        - hour

HGTTG     - Douglas Adams' 1978 radio comedy 'The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy'

HSPH      - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (USA)

ID        - Inner Diameter

IEC       - International Electrotechnical Commission Standard / loose ref to IEC 3-pin mains connectors

IMO       - In My Opinion
I/P       - InPut

IPSA      - Independent Parliament Standards Authority (UK)

IOW       - In Other Words

ISBN      - International Standard Book Number
ISS       - International Space Station

IT        - Information Technology

JAMA      - Journal of the American Medical Association

JAN       - Joint Army Navy (as in JAN-spec components)

JPG       - Joint Photographic experts Group aka JPEG (image, MS Windows 3-char filename extension)

KA        - Keine Angabe (German: Not Specified)

LHC       - Large Hadron Collider ( Little Hadrian Collider   )

lhs       - Left Hand Side (also lh, L)

LIDAR     - LIght Detection And Ranging (pulsed laser measurement of variable distances to the Earth)

LLLT      - Low-Level Laser (light) Therapy

lph       - litres per hour

manf      - Manufacturer

max       - maximum
MDF       - Medium Density Fibreboard

MGO       - Methylglyoxal (a natural compound found in New Zealand Manuka honey) see also UMF, NPA

mil-spec  - Military Specification (a high quality standard of production for components and equipment)

min       - minimum (e.g. VIHmin)
MIT       - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

MOD       - Ministry Of Defence (UK)

MP        - Member of Parliament (UK)

mpg       - miles per gallon

MPG       - Motion Picture experts Group aka MPEG (video, MS Windows 3-char filename extension)

mrad      - milliradian

MS        - MicroSoft Corporation

MSDS      - Material Safety Data Sheet

NASA      - (US) National Aeronauticcs and Space Administration 

NB        - Nota Bene (Latin: note well)

NIST      - National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA)

NOAA      - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOL       - US Naval Ordnance Laboratory (e.g. NOL TR - Technical Report)

NPA       - Non-Peroxide Activity (New Zealand Manuka honey) see also MGO, UMF

N/S       - Non-Serviceable (faulty)

NSAID     - Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug

NTP       - Normal Temperature and Pressure

NV        - Dutch phrase Naamloze Vennootschap, meaning Public Company.

OD        - Outer Diameter

OEM       - Original Equipment Manufacturer

OE        - Optical Emission

OES       - Optical Emission Spectroscopy 

OHG       - German acronym for Offene HandelsGesellschaft, meaning Open Trading Company

OND       - Ordinary National Diploma (UK 1970s A-level equivalent, post-school qualification)

OSHA      - The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA)

OTOH      - On The Other Hand (colloquially: alternatively)

OTT       - Over The Top (ridiculously excessive)

Oz        - Australia

PASC      - Point And Shoot camera (a modern digital camera with built-in lens & storage / video out)

PBM       - Photobiomodulation

pcd       - pitch circle diameter

PCM       - Plasma Chemistry Monitor

PCR       - Polymerase Chain Reaction https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/probe/docs/techpcr/

PDF       - Portable Document Format (Acrobat Acrobat, Windows 3-char filename extension)

PM        - Prime Minister

POTUS     - President Of The United States (of America)

POW       - Prisoner Of War

ppm       - parts per million

psi       - pounds per square inch

psia      - pounds per square inch absolute

psig      - pounds per square inch gauge

Qty       - Quantity

RDA       - Recommended Dietary Allowance

rhs       - Right Hand Side (also rh, R)

RI        - Refractive Index

RMS       - Royal Microscopy Society (RMS thread on microscope objectives)
RNA       - RiboNucleic acid https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA

ROI       - Region Of Interest
RTF       - Rich Text Format (Windows 3-char filename extension)

rTMS      - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
RTV       - Room Temperature Vulcanising (e.g. silicone rubber adhesive)
[sic]     - sic erat scriptum, Latin: 'thus it had been written', meaning the text is as it was found 

SI        - The International System of Units, from French: Système International (d'unités)

[sp?]     - Spelling may be incorrect

spec.     - specification

SQRT      - SQuare RooT

SRM       - Standard Reference Material
STP       - Standard Temperature and Pressure

SXGA      - Super eXtended Graphics Adaptor (native PC screen resolution of 1280 x 1024)

tax​on     - a scientifically classified group or entity such as a genus or order of any rank

tbc       - to be confirmed
tbd       - to be determined

tbs       - tablespoon (my own 3-letter variant of tbsp)

TCR       - Thermal Coefficient of Resistance (ppm/°C)

TDS       - Total Dissolved Solids (e.g. Extech EC400 TDS meter)

TDS       - Technical Data Sheet

TENS      - Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

thk       - abbreviation of thick  (e.g. when specifying the thickness of an optical component)

TIM       - Thermal Interface Material
tpi       - threads per inch

TR        - Technical Report

tsb       - teaspoon

TSR       - Terminate Stay Resident (a program that runs in the background after you think it's closed)

TTO       - Tea Tree Oil

TV        - TeleVision

UMF       - Unique Manuka Factor (New Zealand Manuka honey) see also MGO, NPA

UNC       - UNified Coarse screw thread

UNF       - UNified fine screw thread

URL       - Uniform Resource Locator (an internet web address)

UK        - United Kingdom (Great Britain)

UPF       - Ultra Processed Food

US        - USA

USB       - Universal Serial Bus

var       - variable (a variable used in an equation)

VB        - Verhandlungsbasis (German, literally: Basis for Negotiation, usage: '[price] negotiable')

VGA       - Video Graphics Adaptor / 640 wide x 480 high in pixels, standardised PC screen resolution

vs.       - versus (compared to)

WHO       - World Health Organization

WIP       - Work In Progress

WVGA      - Wide VGA / 1024 wide x 600 high in pixels, standardised PC screen resolution

wrt       - with respect to

xtal      - crystal
X axis    - horizontal (left/right)

Y axis    - vertical (up/down)
Z axis    - 90 degrees to horizontal and vertical (forward/backward)

1c Chemistry

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ABS       - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (plastic)

CDQ       - Cerium Doped Quartz (see also SDQ)

CFQ       - Clear Fused Quartz

CHX       - ChlorHeXadine Gluconate (mouthwash)

CIGS      - Copper Indium Gallium Selenium dimer [Cu(In,Ga)Se2] thin film e.g. solar cells

CTH       - Chromium Thulium Holmium (aka THC / Tm Ho Cr) (laser)

D2        - Deuterium
DNA       - DeoxyriboNucleic Acid encodes life for gene growth, reproduction, mutation & recombination 

EGW       - Ethylene, Glycol, Water (anti-freeze mix - see also PGW)

FC        - FluoroCarbon aka PerFluoroCarbon, PFC

FEP       - Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (plastic)

GaAs      - Gallium Arsenide

H2O       - Water!

HFE       - metHoxy-nonaFluorobutanE

IPA       - IsoPropyl Alcohol

LN2       - Liquid Nitrogen

MGO       - Methylglyoxal (e.g. in New Zealand Manuka honey) see also NPA, UMF

NNA       - Non-Nitrosomine (associated with some smoked food carcinogens)

PAH       - Polycyclic Acromatic Hydrocarbon (associated with some smoked food carcinogens)

PAO       - PolyAlphaOlefin aka poly-a-olefin, a polymer; oil

PEEK      - PolyEtherEtherKetone (plastic)

PET       - C10H8O4 PolyEthylene-Terephthalate (e.g. plastic capacitor film)

PFC / FC  - PerFluoroCarbon, sometimes shortened to Fluorocarbon (e.g. 3M FC-77)

PFIB      - PerFluoroIsoButylene

PGW       - Propylene, Glycol, Water (anti-freeze mix - see also EGW)

POM       - PolyOxyMethylene, aka acetal, polyacetal, polyformaldehyde (thermoplastic)

PTFE      - PolyTetraFluoroEthylene aka teflon (plastic)

PU        - PolyUrethane (plastic foam)

PVC       - PolyVinylChloride (plastic)

SDQ       - Samarium Doped Quartz (see also CDQ)

SFQ       - Synthetic Fused Quartz

SS        - Stainless Steel

UVGSFS    - UV Grade Synthetic Fused Silica aka glass (CVI Melles Griot)

YAG       - Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (laser)

YIG       - Yttrium Iron Garnet (oscillator)

YLF       - Yttrium Lanthanum Fluoride (laser)

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Proprietary

Bakelite  - one of the first mouldable plastics made from Phenol formaldehyde resin and wood flour 

Delrin    - PolyOxyMethylene aka acetal, polyformaldehyde (thermoplastic)

Freon     - composed in the US in 1932 from Fre(eze) + -on used as an arbitrary suffix ('freezer spray')

Kapton    - a polyimide film stable from −269°C to +400°C (−452°F to 752°F; 4K to 673K)

Paxolin   - fireproof laminate sheet comprising layers of paper impregnated by Phenol formaldehyde resin

Sugru     - (Formerol) adhesive putty that sets as silicone rubber https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugru

Teflon    - 1940s: from tetra- ‘four’ + fluoro- + -on on the pattern of words such as nylon and rayon

Velcro    - Frome French 'velour' (velvet) and 'crochet' (hook), essentially meaning 'hooked velvet'

1d Optics

111       - YAG rods are grown with the cylindrical axes along the [111] (long) direction

AOI       - Angle Of Incidence (the angle at which a beam hits an optical part  e.g. mirror)

AOM       - Acousto-Optic Modulator: acoustic waves (ultrasound) alters refraction
AR        - Anti-Reflective (coating) - matches optics to wavelength to reduce power loss

AT        - Angle Tuned (NLO) aka A/T

BB        - Broad Band

BBAR      - Broad Band Anti-Reflective (coating)
BPP       - Beam Parameter Product
BRF       - Bi-Refringent Filter (typically used to tune Alexandrite & Ti:Sapphire lasers)
c-axis    - Along the length of a rod <---o======o---> 

CTD       - Cemented (lens doublets etc)
CW        - Continuous Wave (dc) (also see General: ClockWise)
DBAR      - Dual Band Anti-Reflective coating

DCR       - Diffraction Coupled Resonator (see also GCR) [O59 page 18]

DFG       - Difference Frequency Generation (output is difference between two other frequencies)
DMRS      - Dual Magnetron Reactive Sputtering (e.g. for HE interference filter). 

DP        - Double Pulse (laser), alt. SP single Pulse

DPSS      - Diode Pulsed Solid State

DUV       - Deep UV (10n - 200nn aka vacuum ultraviolet) [T12]

E||a      - Electric field E is parallel with axis a

E||c      - Polarisation between Electric field and c axis = <--0====0--> along a rod

EDX       - X-Ray Dispersive analysis

Echelle   - A Spectrometer with 3-dimensional measurement (French échelle: stairs, ladder)

EOM       - Electro-Optic Modulator: electric field alters refraction (e.g. pockels cell Q-Switch)

Excimer   - Excited Dimer laser (a dimer is a combination of two molecules)
FAC       - Fast Access Collimator lens (e.g. tiny long & thin on C-mount laser lasing end)

FAHM      - Full Angle at Half Maximum (NLO acceptance angle)

FAP       - Fibre Array Package (a laser diode module that couples to a fibre optic)
FI        - Faraday Isolator
FL        - Focal Length (aka 'optical diode')
FL        - Fluorescence Lifetime (e.g. xenon flashlamp)
FO        - Fibre Optic
FPA       - Focal Plane Array (e.g. spectrometer linear array detector)
FR        - Faraday Rotator

FSR       - Free Spectral Range (interferometer: space between two successive optical maxima or minima)

FTIR      - Fourier-Transform InfraRed

FWHM      - Full Width at Half Maximum (width of waveform at 50% magnitude)

GCR       - Gaussian Coupled Resonator (see also DCR) [O59 page 18]

GLM       - Green Laser Microchip (twin xtal combination Nd:YVO4 808nm -> 1064nm + KTP -> 532nm)

GRIN      - GRaded INdex lens (for optical fibre)

HCL       - aka HKL Hollow Cathode Lamp, i.e. hollow cathode element Lamp
HE        - High Energy

HG        - Harmonic Generator See [NLO FREQUENCY MIXING PROCESSES] below
HR        - Highly Reflective (e.g. rear HR end mirror in laser resonator) aka IC
HSURIA    - Half Symmetric Unstable Resonator with Intracavity Axicon
HT        - Highly Transmissive
HWP       - Half Wave Plate
IBS       - Ion Beam Sputtering (optics AR coating)
IC        - Input Coupler rear end mirror in laser resonator cavity aka HR
ICSHG     - Intra-Cavity SHG

IPL       - Intense Pulsed Light
IR        - InfraRed See Table T12

LASER     - Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

LA-ICP-MS - Laser Ablation, Inductively Coupled Plasma, Mass Spectrometry

LD        - Laser Diode
LEOT      - Laser Electro-Optics Technology (LEOT) curriculum materials from CORD 
LIAS      - Laser Induced Abrasion Spectroscopy

LIBS      - Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (aka LIPS)

LIDT      - Laser Induced Damage Threshold (Melles Griot) = minimum power causing permanent damage
LIPS      - Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy (aka LIBS)

LP        - Laser Pointer [my own invented acronym]
LPG       - Long Period Grating
MCA       - Multi-Channel analyser (radiation)
MCP       - Micro Channel Plate (multi-channel image intensifier)
MISER     - Monolithic Isolated Single-Mode End-pumped Ring (aka NPRO) [internal reflection resonator]

MOPA      - Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (e.g. for Ruby laser)

MOPO      - Master Oscillator / Power Oscillator ([N30] power oscillator seeded from master oscillator)

NA        - Numerical Aperture - the higher the value, the greater the acceptance angle of i/p light
NCPM      - Non-Critical Phase Matching

NIR       - Near InfraRed

NOPA      - Non colinearly phase-matched Optical Parametric Amplifier
NPRO      - Non-Planar Ring Oscillator (later acronym for MISER) [internal reflection xtal resonator]

NLC       - NonLinear Crystal
NLO       - NonLinear Optic
OC        - Output Coupler / front mirror (partial reflector on output end of laser resonator cavity)
OD        - Optical Density - logarithmic scale of transmittance i.e. OD1=10^1=10%, OD2=1%, OD3=0.1% 
OG        - Opto-Galvanic
OGE       - Opto-Galvanic Effect (e.g. laser ionization of plasma in an HCL element Lamp)
OH        - Hydroxyl fibre optic chemistry (High OH for UV-VIS, [very] Low OH for VIS-NIR) 
OMA       - Optical Multi-channel Analyser (e.g. spectrograph xy detector)
OPA       - Operational Parametric Amplifier: converts one frequency to two lower ones via NLO

OPG       - Operational Parametric Generator: a high gain self-amplifying OPA 

OPO       - Operational Parametric Oscillator: an OPA inside a resonator 
PBS       - Polarising Beam Splitter (e.g. cube)
PD        - PhotoDiode

PDA       - PD Array

PE        - PyroElectric
PEW       - Peak Emission Wavelength

PI        - Population Inversion - redistribution of atomic energy levels that results in laser action
PIN diode - P-region / Intrinsic-region (undoped) / Negative-region construction high speed diode
Plane     - A plane mirror ia a straight one. A ROC mirror is one with curvature, often concave. 

ppKTP     - periodically poled KTP
PRM       - Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

PSS       - Pulsed Solid State

QWP       - Quarter Wave Plate
R<=nnnn   - Reflects wavelength nnnn and less (as in beamsplitter)
RAP       - Right Angle Prism
RELIBS    - Resonance Enhanced Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
RELIPS    - Resonance Enhanced Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy
ROC       - Radius Of Curvature
SBW       - Spectral BandWidth
SESAM     - SEmiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirror
SFM       - Sum Frequency Mix, e.g. 1/(1/266nm + 1/700nm) or 1/(1/2074nm + 1/213nm) = 193nm
SLD       - Continuum SureLite Second HG (532nm) (SL3D-1 = Type I, SL3D-2 = Type II; 3 may be length)
SLT       - Continuum SureLite Third  HG (355nm)
SLF       - Continuum SureLite Fourth HG (266nm)

SLR       - Satellite Laser Ranging (measures the round trip time of ultrashort pulses of light)

SMA       - Sub-Miniature version A (a small screw FO connector or an electrical coaxial RF connector)

SP        - Single Pulse (laser) alt. DP Double Pulse

SPECB     - Spectrosil B aka Spectrosil 2000 - UV transmitting fused silica glass

SS        - Solid State (laser) meaning lasing through a rod rather than a gas
TE        - Transverse Electric (polarized light electric field is perpendicular to plane of incidence)
TEA       - Transverse Excited Atmosphere lasers with very high gas pressure e.g. CO2, Excimer
TEM       - Transverse Electromagnetic Mode (TEM00 = best focus gaussian spot, TEM01 = 2 spots)

TEPS      - Townsend Effect Plasma Spectroscopy (dual pulse Nd:YAG 1064nm + CO2 10640nm LIBS system)

TIR       - Total Internal Reflection

TM        - Transverse Magnetic (polarized light magnetic field is perpendicular to plane of incidence)

TT        - Temperature Tuned (NLO) aka T/T

TYPE I    - NLO phase matching Type I:  the input beams polarisation is parallel with each other    ||

TYPE II   - NLO phase matching Type II: the input beams polarisation is perpendicular to each other |_
Tnnnn     - Transmits wavelength nnnn (as in beamsplitter)

UV        - UltraViolet (100nm - 400nm) [T12]

VPH       - Volume Phase Holographic (grating)
VIS       - VISible wavelength; visible to humans (400nm - 700nm) See Table T12

 

NLO FREQUENCY MIXING PROCESSES

 

FND      - FuNDamental (source of harmonics)
2HG      - (SHG) Second Harmonic Generation:
           Generation of light with a doubled frequency (half the wavelength),

           2 photons are destroyed creating a single photon at two times the frequency.
3HG      - (THG) Third Harmonic Generation:
           Generation of light with a tripled frequency (one-third the wavelength),
           3 photons are destroyed creating a single photon at three times the frequency.
4HG      - (FHG) Fourth Harmonic Generation
5HG      - Fifth Harmonic Generation
HHG      - High  Harmonic Generation:
           Generation of light with frequencies much greater than the original

           (typ 100 - 1000 times greater)
SFG      - Sum Frequency Generation / SFM - Sum Frequency Mixing:
SFM        Generation of light with a frequency that is the sum of two other frequencies
           (2HG is a special case of this)
DFG      - Difference Frequency Generation:
           Generation of light with a frequency that is the difference between two other frequencies   OPA      - Optical Parametric Amplification:
           Amplification of a signal input in the presence of a higher-frequency pump wave,                        at the same time generating an idler wave (can be considered as DFG)
OPO      - Optical Parametric Oscillation:
           Generation of a signal and idler wave using a parametric amplifier in a resonator
           (with no signal input)
OPG      - Optical Parametric Generation:
           Like parametric oscillation without a resonator, using a very high gain instead
SPDC     - Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion:
           Amplification of Vacuum fluctuations in the low gain regime
OR       - Optical Rectification:
           Generation of quasi-static electric fields.

 

NLO ORIENTATION PARAMETERS

 

θ theta  - NLO orientation angle, e.g. 58.0°, 71.0°, 29.2°, 44.3°

φ phi    - NLO beam phase match,  e.g. 0°, 45°, 90°

​

MELLES GRIOT OPTICS TYPE CODES
 

LLC    - Limited Liability Company NOT A LENS TYPE! eg Melles Griot LLC
ABS    - cemented continually variable beamsplitter eg ABS-12.7-1064  (1J/cm²)
ABSO   - air spaced ABS                             eg ABSO-12.7-1064 (5J/cm²)

BFPL   - bestform positive lens                     eg BFPL-12.7-38.1-UV-532.0
BICC   - bi-concave                                 eg BICC-25.4-26.1-UV-755 
BICX   - bi-convex                                  eg BICX-38.1-49.3-C-1064 BICX-UV
BSR    - harmonic beamsplitter                      eg BSR-51-0525 (HE 12.7dia R532 T1064 45AOI)
ELW    - elliptical window                          eg ELW-25.4-6.35-UV 
EUV    - Excimer (DUV) UV FS (213nm and below)      eg PLCX-15.0-103.0-EUV
LW3    - Large wedge window                         eg LW3-1037 UV     (LW3=3deg,1037-1"dia)
PBS    - laser line polarising beam splitter        eg PBS-1064-040 (1J/cm² cemented, 040=10mm)
PLCC   - plano concave                              eg PLCC-10.0-10.3-UV-532 (10.0mm dia, ROC 10.3mm)
PLCX   - plano convex                               eg PLCX-25.4-51.5-C-1319 (25.4mm dia, ROC 51.5mm)
PLCR   - Polarcor polariser Lens                    eg PLCR-8.0-800 971576
PR     - partial reflecting mirror                  eg PR1-1064-50-1025 (50% 6.35mm thk 25mm dia)
PM     - plain round mirror blank                   eg PM-1025-C
QWPM   - quartz wave plate multi-order              eg QWPM-1064-05-2 (10J/cm² 05=0.5 inch, 2= ½ wave)
QWPO   - quartz wave plate zero order               eg QWPO-532-10-4  (10J/cm² 10=1.0 inch, 4= ¼ wave)
RCX    - rectangular convex lens for line to spot   eg RXC-10.0-9.8-203.4-UV-355 (10.0x9.8mm)
SMCC   - concave spherical mirror blank             eg SMCC-0525-1.00
SMCCUV - concave spherical mirror blank FS          eg SMCC-0525-1.00-UV
TLM    - tunable laser line mirror                  eg TLM1-800-0-0537-5.00CC-C
TFP    - thin film Brewster plate polariser 20J/cm  eg TFP-1064-RW-28.6 14.3-3.2 (28.6x14.3x3.2mm thk)
                                                    eg TFP-1064-PW-0508-UV (0.5" dia x 0.08" = 2mm thk)
W1     - anti-reflection one surface  coated window eg W1-PW-0725-UV-1064-0
W2     - anti-reflection two surfaces coated window eg W2-PW-0725-UV-1064-0
Wn-IF  - interference flat window                   eg W2-IF-1012-UV-670-1064-45UNP

 

OLDER CVI OPTICS TYPE CODES
 

0508   - 0.5" (12.7mm) dia x 0.080" (2.032mm) thick
0525   - 0.5" (12.7mm) dia x 0.250" (6.350mm) thick
1025   - 1.0" (25.4mm) dia x 0.250" (6.350mm) thick
1525   - 1.5" (38.1mm) dia x 0.250" (6.350mm) thick
2037   - 2.0" (50.8mm) dia x 0.375" (9.525mm) thick
0924   - 25mm x 6mm
1940   - 50mm x 100mm thick

APM    - Aplanatic Meniscus lens (shortens the combined FL without adding coma or spherical aberration)

ARF    - Argon Fluoride i.e. 193nm

KRF    - Krypton Fluoride i.e. 248nm

BS1    - beamsplitter
GLC    - diode laser collimating & focusing lens
HM     - dual wavelength HE mirror                  eg HM-0537-45 eg 1064 & 532 
LAL    - laser grade visible cemented achromat
LAN    - visible laser achromat (negative)
LAO    - standard cemented achromat
LAP    - visible laser achromat (positive)
LAPQ   - HE/UV laser achromat
LQF    -   FS plano convex lens                     eg 01-LQF-078/074 (074=300-500nm AR)    
LQP    - UVFS plano convex lens                     eg 01-LQP-007
LLS    - flat field Laser Scan Lens                 eg 59-LLS-393 / 09-LLS-270
LM     - line mirror (reflects a narrow width laser fundamental wavelength)
PBB    - broadband polarising beam splitter cube    eg 03-PBB-011 650-850nm (011=10mm,015=25.4mm)
PRT    - right angle prism                          eg 01-PRT-011
UNP    - unpolarised
Y1     - 1064nm single bandpass HE mirror           eg Y1-2037-45-UNP line mirror
Y2     - 532nm
Y3     - 355nm
Y4     - 266nm
Y5     - 213nm
Y13    - 1319nm
YH     - dual bandpass HE mirror                    eg YH-0737-45 eg 1064 & 532
LHP    - Laser Head Power assembly                  eg 05-LHP-151 (05-LHP-151-249 has 249 PSU)

1e - Electronics

ADC       - Analogue to Digital Converter

AF        - Audio Frequency https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_frequency

APD       - Avalanche PhotoDiode

ATA       - Advanced Technology Attachment (a computer peripheral bus)

AWB       - Auto White Balance (electronic camera)
AWG       - American Wire Gauge
AWG       - Arbitrary Waveform Generator

BCD       - Binary Coded Decimal base-10 (i.e. 0...9)

BIOS      - Basic I/O System (e.g. the ROM-based firmware on a PC motherboard)

BITE      - Built In Test Equipment (e.g. hardware used by software to verify equipment functionality)

BNC       - Bayonet Neill-Concelman coaxial connector (<500V, <4GHz)
Cal lab   - Calibration laboratory

CC        - Constant Current

CCD       - Charge Coupled Device

CCL       - Cold Cathode Lamp (typically used as an LCD backlight)

cct       - Circuit

CMOS      - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (an electronics chip fabrication process)
CPR       - Cycles Per Revolution (e.g. shaft encoder)
CRT       - Cathode Ray Tube

CPU       - Central Processing Unit

CV        - Constant Voltage

CVR       - Current Viewing Resistor

DAC       - Digital to Analogue Converter

DAT       - Digital Audio Transmission

dB        - deciBel (one tenth of a Bel) [T13]

DIL/DIP   - Dual In Line/ DIL Package (an electronic component with two parallel rows of pins)

DIN       - Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (German Institute for Standardisation) [D32]

DIN_41612 - a DIN standard for electrical connectors widely used in rack based electrical systems [D33]

DRAM      - Dynamic Random Access Memory

DTL       - Diode Transistor Logic (circa 1962)
DMM       - Digital MultiMeter

DOS       - Disk Operating System

DPAK      - Decawatt PAcKage, aka TO-252, an SMD semiconductor package developed by Motorola

DPO       - Digital Phosphor Oscilloscope
DPCO      - Dual Pole ChangeOver (a common switch / relay contacts configuration)

DPDT      - Dual Pole Dual Throw (a common switch / relay contacts configuration)

DSO       - Digital Storage Oscilloscope / Digital Sampling Oscilloscope

DVR       - Digital Video Recorder

EAPROM    - Electrically Alterable PROM (predecessor to EEPROM & Flash)

EDN       - Electrical Design News (magazine) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDN_(magazine)

EEPROM    - Electrically Erasable PROM 

EIA       - Electronic Industries Association 

E-IDE     - Enhanced IDE (a computer peripheral bus)

EFT       - Electrical Fast Transient

EHT       - Extra High Tension (usually kilovolts)
EMC       - Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (e.g. shielding from RF fields)

EMF       - Electro-Motive Force (energy in volts provided per coulomb of charge)

EMI       - Electro-Magnetic Interference aka RFI (e.g. RF fields)
EPROM     - UV Erasable PROM

ESD       - Electro-Static Discharge

ESR       - Equivalent Series Resistance (of a capacitor)

ESU       - Energy Storage Unit (such as a capacitor bank)

F         - Female (e.g. connector socket)

FDD       - Floppy Disc Drive (computer mass storage comprising a motorised flexible magnetic disc)

FET       - Field Effect Transistor

FIFO      - First In First Out (a specialised memory chip)

FWHM      - Full Width at Half Maximum (width of waveform at 50% magnitude)
GPIB      - General Purpose Interface Bus (a communications interface often used for instruments)

GPU       - Graphical Processing Unit

HAD       - Hole-Accumulation Diode (enhanced IR camera sensor e.g. Sony XC-75 Super HAD CCD camera)

HDD       - Hard Disk Drive (a computer mass storage comprising a motorised solid magnetic disc)

HEX       - Hexadecimal base-16 (i.e. 0..9,A,B,C,D,E,F)

HF        - High Frequency https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_frequency

hFE       - hybrid parameter Forward current gain, common Emitter (dc gain of a junction transistor)

HiPOT     - High POTential (i.e. high voltage)
HS        - Heatsink

HSF       - Heatsink with a Fan

HV        - High Voltage
IC        - Integrated Circuit

ICE       - In Circuit Emulator

ICP       - In Circuit Programmer

IDE       - Integrated Drive Electronics (a computer peripheral bus)

IFSM      - Maximum forward surge current, (normally 10ms/50Hz, sometimes 8.3ms/60Hz half-sine-wave)
I/O       - Input / Output (i.e. both)

I/P       - Input

IP        - Internet Protocol (set of rules defining data sent via the internet or a local network)

IPC       - Institute for Printed Circuits ( later: Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging)

ISA       - Industry Standard Architecture (PC peripheral bus)

IT        - Information Technology

JEDEC     - Joint Electron Tube Engineering Council (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JEDEC)

KVD       - Kelvin-Varley Divider (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin%E2%80%93Varley_divider)

LA        - Logic Analyser

LCD       - Liquid Crystal Display

LCR       - Inductor, Capacitor, Resistor (e.g. LCR tester)

LDR       - Light Dependent Resistor

LED       - Light Emitting Diode

LF        - Low Frequency

LV        - Low Voltage

M         - Male (e.g. connector plug or pin)
MCP       - Micro-Channel Plate (typically, CRT, PDA and CCD image enhancer)
MCU       - MicroController Unit (also abbrev. µC)

MHV       - Miniature High Voltage (5kV 3A BNC connector)

MLC       - Multi-Layer Ceramic capacitor often <<1µF for decoupling HF noise from power supplies.

mobo      - motherboard (abbrev.) the mainboard in a PC

MOV       - Metal Oxide Varistor (a resistor whose value rapidly drops when a voltage is exceeded) 

MSO       - Mixed Signal Oscilloscope (typically analogue channels combined with digital LA)

NEMA      - National Electrical Manufacturers Association (e.g. stepper motor sizes)

Nixie     - Nixie was derived by Burroughs from abbrev. 'NIX I': 'Numeric Indicator eXperimental No. 1'

NMOSFET   - Negatively doped Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (vs PMOSFET)
N.O.      - Normally open (e.g. relay contacts)
NTSC      - National Television System Committee (American 60Hz analogue TV display system)

OCT       - Octal base-8 (i.e. 0...7)

OCXO      - Oven Controlled Xtal Oscillator
Oe.       - Oersted (a unit of magnetic field strength similar to amperes/metre)
O/P       - Output

PAL       - Phase Alternate Line (UK 50Hz analogue TV display system)

PAL       - Programmable Array Logic
PC        - Personal Computer

PC/AT     - PC Advanced Technology

PC/XT     - PC eXtended Technology

PCB       - Printed Circuit Board

PD        - PhotoDiode

PDA       - PhotoDiode Array (typically a long line of individual PDs, or a matrix of PDs)

PDP       - Programmed Data Processor (a range of computers from Digital Equipment Corp., e.g. PDP-8)
PEF       - Pulsed Electrical Field

Peltola   - Push-in RF connector named after inventor http://w140.com/tekwiki/wiki/Peltola_connector 

PFN       - Pulse Forming Network

PIC       - Peripheral Interface Controller (a microcontroller family from Microchip Technology Inc)

PIN diode - P-region / Intrinsic-region (undoped) / Negative-region (high speed diode construction)
PLL       - Phase Locked Loop (a means of synchronising different pulse trains)

PMC       - PIC Master Controller (LHC Project electronics)
PMSM      - Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor

PMT       - Photo-Multiplier Tube

pot       - potentiometer (variable resistor)

PROM      - Programmable Read Only Memory

PSC       - PIC Slave Controller (LHC Project electronics)

PSU       - Power Supply Unit
PT        - Vacuum PhotoTube (e.g. Hamamatsu R1193U-02) aka VPT, VPD

PWM       - Pulse Width Modulated

Radar     - Created in 1940 by the United States Navy as an acronym for RAdio Detection And Ranging

RAM       - Random Access Memory

RF        - Radio Frequency (electro-magnetic waves between 3kHz - 300GHz)

RFI       - RF Interference

RG        - Radio Guide (e.g. RG402, a coaxial cable with a copper outer conductor [E49])

Rigol     - Chinese manf of my DS1102CD 100MHz 0.4Gs/s 2-channel DSO with 16-bit Logic analyser

RLC       - Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor

RMA       - Rosin, Mildly Activated (rosin solder flux)

RMS       - Root Mean Square

ROM       - Read Only Memory

Rosin     - A solid form of resin with many uses including soldering flux (origin: French for resin)

RS-232C   - EIA RS-232-C serial communications physical interface standard (e.g. for PC serial port)

RTD       - Resistance Temperature Detector

RTL       - Resistor Transistor Logic (Fairchild 1961)

Rx        - Receive (e.g. serial communications)

SA        - Spectrum Analyser

Scope     - Oscilloscope

SCSI      - Small Computer Systems Interface (a computer bus)

SIL/SIP   - Single In Line/SIL Package (an electronic component with a line of pins in series)

SHV       - Safe High Voltage (e.g. 5kV 5A BNC connector - up to 20kV later models)

SMA       - Sub-Miniature version A (a small screw coaxial RF connector or a fibre optic connector)

SMD       - Surface Mount Device

SMPSU     - Switch Mode PSU

SN        - Semiconductor Network (Texas Instruments SN5400, SN6400, SN7400 logic IC series)

SOT       - Small Outline Transistor

SOT-23    - A standardised plastic SMD package for electronic devices, typically 3 leads

SPAD      - Single Photon Avalanche Device (e.g. APD: Avalanche Photo Diode)

SPDT      - Single Pole Dual Throw (a common switch / relay contacts configuration)

SPI       - Serial Peripheral Interface

SPICE     - Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (an electronic circuit simulator)
SSD       - Static Sensitive Device

SSD       - Solid State Drive (a semiconductor-based computer mass storage device)

SOT       - Small Outline Transistor (a surface mount device)

tant      - tantalum capacitor

TCXO      - Temperature Compensated Xtal oscillator

TD        - Tunnel Diode / Transient Digitiser
TDR       - T
ime Domain Reflectometer

TEC       - ThermoElectric Cooler (aka Peltier cell)
Tf        - signal / Pulse edge fall time

TG        - Tracking Generator (typically for a Spectrum Analyser)

TO-92     - A standardised plastic leaded package for electronic devices, typically 3 leads

Tr        - Signal / Pulse edge rise time

transzorb - Transient voltage absorber (aka xorb, TVS)

TV        - TeleVision

TVS       - Transient Voltage Suppressor (aka transzorb, xorb)

Tx        - Transmit (e.g. serial communications)

TTL       - Transistor Transistor Logic (Silvania 1963, Texas Instruments 5400 series 1964)
UART      - Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (a basic electronic serial interface)

µC        - Microcontroller (also MCU)

µP        - Microprocessor

USB       - Universal Serial Bus (a PC serial communications interface)
VF        - Forward Voltage (e.g. diode, LED) 

VIH       - High level Input Voltage (i.e. logic '1') 
VIL       - Low  level Input Voltage (i.e. l
ogic '0')
VPT       - Vacuum planar PhotoTube aka PT (e.g. Hamamatsu R1193U-02)

VPD       - vacuum planar PhotoDiode aka PT (e.g. FEK-09 [O34])

VR        - Reverse Voltage (e.g. diode, LED)
WB        - Wide Band

xformer   - Transformer

xorb      - Transient voltage absorber (aka transzorb, or TVS)

XT        - eXtended Technology (IBM PC XT aka PC/XT)

xtal      - Crystal

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